Pre-paid cards for political service
One theoretical remedy is to reduce the human interfaces in a system, to discourage bribes, false documentation, and other unfair means, well known to the victims and the perpetrators. If the hypothesis is correct, then the details of the operation of prepaid cards could be drafted for trial runs in pilot projects.
The motto is: no actual, factual, visible service, no payment (subject to pre-audit?) What is happening these days is payment for non-services. To avoid political tangles, politicians connected with a project have to deposit as security in cash 50 to 30 per cent of the required/ relevant amount of the final bill/s in advance; to be adjusted and reimbursed later through pre-paid cards (PPC). Actually it is the PPC system working in reverse.
If computer viruses could be barred, why not political viruses? Give the assignment to our IT whiz kids.